Spring学习干货xml配置实例
2023-01-19 13:31:33
在这里,小编将分享一些关于xml配置实例的详细说明,这是你们学习Spring框架时会遇到的。众所周知,Spring提供的最基本功能是,对象不需要自己去寻找或创建其他对象,而是由容器负责把需要彼此协作的对象引用传递给单个对象。在没有配置的情况下,Spring就是一个无用的空容器。所以Spring提供了在XML文件中配置bean并使用注释的方法。
1、一个Performer接口:
package springAction;
public interface Performer {
void perform();
}
2、一个Juggler类实现了Performer接口:
package springAction;
public class Juggler implements Performer{
private int beanBags = 3;
public Juggler(){
}
public Juggler(int beanBags){
this.beanBags = beanBags;
}
public void perform(){
System.out.println("Juggling " + beanBags + " beanbags");
}
}
3、一个 PoeticJuggler类继承了Juggler类:
package springAction;
public class PoeticJuggler extends Juggler {
private Poem poem;
public PoeticJuggler(Poem poem){
super();
this.poem = poem;
}
public PoeticJuggler(int beanBags, Poem poem){
super(beanBags);
this.poem = poem;
}
public void perform(){
super.perform();
System.out.println("PoeticJugger reciting...");
poem.recite();
}
}
4、一个Poem接口:
package springAction;
public interface Poem {
void recite();
}
5、一个单例类Stage:
package springAction;
public class Stage {
private Stage(){
}
private static class StageSingletonHolder{
static Stage instance = new Stage();
}
public static Stage getInstance(){
return StageSingletonHolder.instance;
}
}
6、看看xml文件怎么写(springAction.xml):
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd">
加个main函数运行一下,看看效果:
package springAction;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class springActionMain {
public static void main(string[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
"springAction/springAction.xml");
try{
Performer performer = (Performer)ctx.getBean("duke");
performer.perform();
performer = (Performer)ctx.getBean("poeticDuke");
performer.perform();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)ctx).close();
}
}
}
7、bean的作用域
所有的Spring Bean默认是单例,当容器分配一个Bean时,它总是返回同一个实例。但,spring是灵活的,不需要单例模式时,可以如下配置:
8、初始化Bean和销毁Bean
当Spring容器实例化一个Bean时可能需要做一些初始化的工作,当Spring销毁一个Bean时,可能需要做一些清理工作。Spring支持Bean提供自定义的方法来做初始化工作和销毁工作。
9、为Bean注入属性
一般地,java Bean会有一些私有属性,并有一些set和get方法。Spring可以利用set方法为bean的私有属性注入值。
例子:
package springAction;
public class Instrumentalist implements Performer{
private String song;
private Instrument instrument;
private int age;
public Instrumentalist(){
}
public void perform(){
System.out.println("age = " + age);
System.out.println("Playing "+song);
instrument.play();
}
public String getSong() {
return song;
}
public void setSong(String song) {
this.song = song;
}
public Instrument getInstrument() {
return instrument;
}
public void setInstrument(Instrument instrument) {
this.instrument = instrument;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
xml文件配置: